Classification Of Insulators

1. High-voltage line type insulator

① High-voltage line rigid insulators: including pin porcelain insulators, porcelain crossarm insulators and butterfly porcelain insulators, etc., are directly fixed to the tower with the insulator's steel feet or bolts when in use.
High-voltage line porcelain crossarm insulators can be divided into four types: all-ceramic, plastic-mounted, single-arm, and V-shaped according to the structure; they can be divided into two types: vertical and horizontal according to the installation form; The voltage can be divided into four levels of 165kV, 185kV, 250kV, and 265kV (the original 50% full-wave impulse flashover voltage can be divided into six levels of 185kV, 21kV, 280kV, 380kV, 450kV, and 61kkV). Porcelain crossbars are used for high-voltage overhead transmission and distribution lines. They can replace pin and suspension insulators and reduce the length of poles and crossarms.

High voltage line butterfly porcelain insulators are divided into two grades of 6kV and 10kV according to the rated voltage. It is used for overhead transmission and distribution line terminals, as tensile and corner poles as insulation and fixed conductors. At the same time, it is also widely used to cooperate with line suspension insulators to simplify the structure of metal fittings.

② High-voltage line suspension insulators: including disc-shaped suspension porcelain insulators, disc-shaped suspension glass insulators, porcelain rods, and ground insulators.

High-voltage line disc-shaped ceramic insulators are divided into two types: ordinary and pollution-resistant. It is used for high-voltage and ultra-high-voltage transmission lines, for hanging or tensioning wires, and insulating them from towers. Suspension insulators have high mechanical and electrical strength, can be applied to various voltage levels through different string groups, and are suitable for various strength needs. They are most widely used. The general type is suitable for general industrial areas. Compared with ordinary insulators, the pollution-resistant type has a larger creepage distance and a shape that is convenient for wind and rain cleaning. It is suitable for coastal areas, metallurgical powder, chemical pollution, and more severe industrial pollution areas. When the pollution-resistant insulator is used in the above areas, the size of the tower can be reduced, which has great economic value.

High-voltage line disc suspension glass insulators are basically the same as high-voltage line disc suspension porcelain insulators. Composite insulator has the characteristics of high mechanical strength, mechanical shock resistance, good hot and cold performance, long life, excellent electrical performance and lightning resistance, etc., and its umbrella disk is automatically broken when the operation is damaged, easy to find, greatly reducing Insulation detection workload.

High-voltage line porcelain pull rod insulators are used for terminal rods, tension rods and corner rods of overhead power lines with small cross-section conductors of 10kV and below for insulation and fixed conductors. Can replace some butterfly porcelain insulators and disc-shaped suspension porcelain insulators.

③ Rod-type porcelain insulators for electrified railway catenary.

2.Low-voltage line insulators

① Pin-type, butterfly-type and bobbin-type porcelain insulators for low-voltage lines: Pin-type porcelain insulators for low-voltage lines are used as insulation and fixed conductors in overhead power lines below 1kV. Low-voltage line butterfly type porcelain insulators and bobbin type porcelain insulators are used as insulation and fixed conductors on power distribution terminal, tension and corner poles.

② Tightening porcelain insulators for overhead lines: The upper and lower handles of the cables used for the tension of AC and DC overhead power distribution lines and communication line terminals, corners or long-span poles, so that the lower cables and the upper Pull wire insulation.

③Composite Insulators for tram lines: Used as insulation and tension wires for tram lines or as insulation and support for conductive parts on trams and power stations.

④ Pin porcelain insulators for communication lines: used for insulating and fixing wires in overhead communication lines.

⑤ Insulators for wiring: including drum insulators, porcelain plywood and porcelain pipes, etc., for low-voltage wiring.

3.High-voltage power station insulators

① China silicon rubber insulator for high-voltage indoor pillars used in power stations: used for electrical equipment buses and power distribution devices of indoor power stations and substations with a rated power frequency of 6 ~ 35kV. As an insulating support for high voltage conductive parts. It is generally installed at an altitude of no more than 1000m, the ambient temperature is -40 ~ 40 °C, and should be used under conditions free from pollution and condensation. Specially designed high prototypes can be used at 3000m and 5000m altitudes.

② Outdoor Pin Pillar Insulators: Suitable for insulation and fixing of electrical parts or power distribution devices of electrical appliances with AC rated voltage of 3 ~ 220kV, ambient temperature around the installation site of -40 ～ + 40 ℃ and altitude not exceeding 1000m. For conductors.

③ outdoor rod pillar insulator: used for high-voltage electrical appliances and high-voltage power distribution devices, to play the role of insulation and fixed conductor. It has largely replaced the use of outdoor pin post insulators.

④ Pollution-proof outdoor rod pillar insulators: suitable for medium pollution areas with salt coating density within 0.1mg / cm², as insulation and fixing of high-voltage electrical appliances and power distribution devices.

⑤ High-voltage wall bushings: including indoor wall bushings, outdoor wall bushings, bus wall bushings and oil-paper capacitor wall bushings.

⑥Electrical porcelain sleeves: including transformer porcelain sleeves, switch porcelain sleeves, transformer porcelain sleeves, etc.

Transformer porcelain sleeves include power transformers, bushing porcelain sleeves for test transformers, and pillar porcelain sleeves. Switch porcelain sleeves include porcelain sleeves for oil-rich circuit breakers, porcelain sleeves for oil-less circuit breakers, porcelain sleeves for load switches, porcelain sleeves for explosion-proof switches, porcelain sleeves for disconnectors, and porcelain sleeves for air circuit breakers. It is mainly used for the insulation of the high-voltage lead of the switch to the ground and the container for the insulation and internal insulation of the circuit breaker. Transformer porcelain sleeves are used as insulation elements for current transformers and voltage transformers.

Composite Insulator